Monday, October 05, 2015

Antimonopoli dan Persaingan Usaha


Pengertian Antimonopoli dan Persaingan Usaha

“Antitrust” untuk pengertian yang sepadan dengan istilah “anti monopoli” atau istilah “dominasi” yang dipakai masyarakat Eropa yang artinya juga sepadan dengan arti istlah “monopoli” Disamping itu terdapat istilah yang artinya hampir sama yaitu “kekuatan pasar”. Dalam praktek keempat kata tersebut, yaitu istilah “monopoli”, “antitrust”, “kekuatan pasar” dan istilah “dominasi” saling dipertukarkan pemakaiannya. Keempat istilah tersebut dipergunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu keadaan dimana seseorang menguasai pasar ,dimana dipasar tersebut tidak tersedia lagi produk subtitusi yang potensial, dan terdapatnya kemampuan pelaku pasar tersebut untuk menerapkan harga produk tersebut yang lebih tinggi, tanpa mengikuti hukum persaingan pasar atau hukum tentang permintaan dan penawaran pasar.

Asas dan Tujuan Antimonopoli dan Persaingan Usaha

Asas
Pelaku usaha di Indonesia dalam menjalankan kegiatan usahanya berasaskan demokrasi ekonomi dengan memperhatikan keseimbangan antara kepentingan pelaku usaha dan kepentingan umum.

Tujuan
Undang-Undang (UU) persaingan usaha adalah Undang-undang No. 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat (UU No.5/1999) yang bertujuan untuk memelihara pasar kompetitif dari pengaruh kesepakatan dan konspirasi yang cenderung mengurangi dan atau menghilangkan persaingan. Kepedulian utama dari UU persaingan usaha adalah promoting competition dan memperkuat kedaulatan konsumen.

Kegiatan yang dilarang dalan antimonopoly

Kegiatan yang dilarang berposisi dominan menurut pasal 33 ayat 2.Posisi dominan adalah keadaan di mana pelaku usaha tidak mempunyai pesaing yang berarti di pasar bersangkutan dalam kaitan dengan pangsa pasar yang dikuasai, atau pelaku usaha mempunyai posisi tertinggi di antara pesaingnya di pasar bersangkutan dalam kaitan dengan kemampuan keuangan, kemampuan akses pada pasokan atau penjualan, serta kemampuan untuk menyesuaikan pasokan atau permintaan barang atau jasa tertentu. Menurut pasal 33 ayat 2 “ Cabang-cabang produksi yang penting bagi negara dan menguasai hajat hidup orang banyak dikuasai oleh negara.” Jadi, sektor-sektor ekonomi seperti air, listrik, telekomunikasi, kekayaan alam dikuasai negara tidak boleh dikuasai swasta sepenuhnya .

Perjanjian yang dilarang dalam Antimonopoli dan Persaingan Usaha

Perjanjian yang dilarang dalam UU No.5/1999 tersebut adalah perjanjian dalam bentuk sebgai berikut :
(a) Oligopoli
(b) Penetapan harga
(c) Pembagian wilayah
(d) Pemboikotan
(e) Kartel
(f) Trust
(g) Oligopsoni
(h) Integrasi vertikal
(i) Perjanjian tertutup
(j) Perjanjian dengan pihak luar neger




Perjanjian yang dilarang penggabungan, peleburan, dan pengambil-alihan :

– Penggabungan adalah perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan oleh satu Perseroan/Badan Usaha atau lebih untuk menggabungkan diri dengan Perseroan/Badan Usaha lain yang telah ada yang mengakibatkan aktiva dan pasivadari Perseroan/Badan Usaha yang menggabungkan beralih karena hukum kepadaPerseroan/Badan Usaha yang menerima Penggabungan dan selanjutnya Perseroan/Badan Usaha yang menggabungkan diri berakhir karena hukum.

– Peleburan adalah perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan oleh satu Perseroan/Badan Usaha atau lebih untuk meleburkan diri dengan cara mendirikan satu Perseroan/Badan Usaha baru yang karena hukum memperoleh aktiva dan pasiva dari Perseroan/Badan Usaha yang meleburkan diri dan Perseroan/Badan Usaha yang meleburkan diri berakhir karena hukum.

– Pengambilalihan adalah perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha untuk memperoleh atau mendapatkan baik seluruh atau sebagian saham dan atau aset Perseroan/Badan Usaha. yang dapat mengakibatkan beralihnya pengendalian terhadap Perseroan/Badan Usaha tersebut .

Hal-hal yang Dikecualikan dalam Monopoli

Hal-hal yang dilarang oleh Undang-Undang Anti Monopoli adalah sebagai berikut :
1. Perjanjian-perjanjian tertentu yang berdampak tidak baik untuk persaingan pasar, yang terdiri dari:
(a) Oligopoli
(b) Penetapan harga
(c) Pembagian wilayah
(d) Pemboikotan
(e) Kartel
(f) Trust
(g) Oligopsoni
(h) Integrasi vertikal
(i) Perjanjian tertutup
(j) Perjanjian dengan pihak luar negeri

2. Kegiatan-kegiatan tertentu yang berdampak tidak baik untuk persaingan pasar,
yang meliputi kegiatan-kegiatan sebagai berikut :
(a) Monopoli
(b) Monopsoni
(c) Penguasaan pasar
(d) Persekongkolan

3. Posisi dominan, yang meliputi :
(a) Pencegahan konsumen untuk memperoleh barang atau jasa yang bersaing
(b) Pembatasan pasar dan pengembangan teknologi
(c) Menghambat pesaing untuk bisa masuk pasar
(d) Jabatan rangkap
(e) Pemilikan saham
(f) Merger, akuisisi, konsolidasi

Komisi Pengawasan Persaingan Usaha

Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) adalah sebuah lembaga independen di Indonesia yang dibentuk untuk memenuhi amanat Undang-Undang no. 5 tahun 1999 tentang larangan praktek monopoli dan persaingan usaha tidak sehat.

Sanksi dalam Antimonopoli dan Persaingan Usaha

Pasal 36 UU Anti Monopoli, salah satu wewenang KPPU adalah melakukan penelitian, penyelidikan dan menyimpulkan hasil penyelidikan mengenai ada tidaknya praktik monopoli dan atau persaingan usaha tidak sehat. Masih di pasal yang sama, KPPU juga berwenang menjatuhkan sanksi administratif kepada pelaku usaha yang melanggar UU Anti Monopoli. Apa saja yang termasuk dalam sanksi administratif diatur dalam Pasal 47 Ayat (2) UU Anti Monopoli. Meski KPPU hanya diberikan kewenangan menjatuhkan sanksi administratif, UU Anti Monopoli juga mengatur mengenai sanksi pidana. Pasal 48 menyebutkan mengenai pidana pokok. Sementara pidana tambahan dijelaskan dalam Pasal 49.

Pasal 48
(1) Pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan Pasal 4, Pasal 9 sampai dengan Pasal 14, Pasal 16 sampai dengan Pasal 19, Pasal 25, Pasal 27, dan Pasal 28 diancam pidana denda serendah-rendahnya Rp25.000.000.000 (dua puluh lima miliar rupiah) dan setinggi-tingginya Rp100.000.000.000 (seratus miliar rupiah), atau pidana kurungan pengganti denda selama-lamanya 6 (enam) bulan.
(2) Pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan Pasal 5 sampai dengan Pasal 8, Pasal 15, Pasal 20 sampai dengan Pasal 24, dan Pasal 26 Undang-Undang ini diancam pidana denda serendah-rendahnya Rp5.000.000.000 ( lima miliar rupiah) dan setinggi-tingginya Rp25.000.000.000 (dua puluh lima miliar rupialh), atau pidana kurungan pengganti denda selama-lamanya 5 (lima) bulan.
(3) Pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan Pasal 41 Undang-undang ini diancam pidana denda serendah-rendahnya Rp1.000.000.000 (satu miliar rupiah) dan setinggi-tingginya Rp5.000.000.000 (lima miliar rupiah), atau pidana kurungan pengganti denda selama-lamanya 3 (tiga) bulan.

Pasal 49
Dengan menunjuk ketentuan Pasal 10 Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana, terhadap pidana sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 48 dapat dijatuhkan pidana tambahan berupa:
a. pencabutan izin usaha; atau
b. larangan kepada pelaku usaha yang telah terbukti melakukan pelanggaran terhadap undang-undang ini untuk menduduki jabatan direksi atau komisaris sekurang-kurangnya 2 (dua) tahun dan selama-lamanya 5 (lima) tahun; atau
c. penghentian kegiatan atau tindakan tertentu yang menyebabkan timbulnva kerugian pada pihak lain.

Aturan ketentuan pidana di dalam UU Anti Monopoli menjadi aneh lantaran tidak menyebutkan secara tegas siapa yang berwenang melakukan penyelidikan atau penyidikan dalam konteks pidana.

Enaknya, Gadis Cantik Ini Keliling Dunia Gratis Berkat Blog


Jadi blogger jika serius bisa menghasilkan pendapatan yang lumayan, bahkan keliling dunia. Seperti yang dialami blogger cantik asal Inggris bernama Mollie Bylett ini. Dia bisa mengunjungi berbagai negara secara cuma-cuma, bahkan dibayar.

Dikutip detikINET dari Daily Mail, Senin (5/10/2015), Mollie yang baru berusia 21 tahun ini awalnya iseng membuat blog untuk menulis pengalaman perjalanan dan petualangannya. Tak dinyana, blognya banyak dibaca dan menarik para sponsor.

Jadilah beberapa brand bekerja sama dengannya, sebut saja produsen action cam terkenal, Go Pro. Kini, dia dibayar untuk bepergian ke berbagai negara. Dia sudah mengunjungi Australia, Selandia Baru, Portugal, Spanyol sampai Indonesia.

Foto perjalanannya banyak diposting juga di Instagram yang telah mengumpulkan belasan ribu follower. "Di satu setengah tahun pertama, blogku hanyalah untuk hobi, aku bekerja keras walaupun tidak menghasilkan uang," kisahnya.

"Kemudian aku menyadari trafiknya terus meningkat. Aku bicara pada blogger lain dan menyadari bisa memperoleh sesuatu dari situ. Kemudian aku mulai mendapat proyek berbayar. Akhirnya kerja kerasku ada hasilnya," paparnya.

Terakhir, ia disponsori oleh GoPro untuk peluncuran produk di Australia. "Aku diberi kamera terbaru mereka dan misinya hanyalah bersenang senang sambil merekam video," kata Mollie.

"Semua ini seperti mimpi. Bepergian membuka mataku pada banyak hal dan membantuku menjadi orang yang lebih baik. Aku tak bisa membayangkan hidup tanpa traveling sekarang ini," pungkasnya.






Tuesday, March 31, 2015

WHAFF Si Aplikasi Penghasil Dollar via Android

WHAFF adalah aplikasi android yang bisa menghasilkan dollar dengan sangat mudah. Anda tidak perlu memiliki skill di bidang IT, tidak perlu memiliki blog,  tidak perlu membuat artikel, tidak perlu mengikuti bisnis affiliasi dan lain sebagainya. Anda hanya cukup duduk manis dan mainkan ponsel atau tablet android anda maka akan mendapatkan Uang. menarik bukan?

WHAFF dapat menambahkan fitur aplikasi baru di Android dengan imbalan berupa Dollar yang terus-menerus mengalir dari aplikasi yang anda download dari WHAFF. Kita tinggal download aplikasi yang di sarankan oleh WHAFF lalu kita akan dapat imbalan, sangat mudah!!!

Aplikasi yang bisa menghasilkan dollar untuk anda adalah WHAFF Rewards. WHAFF Rewards adalah pemasar aplikasi-aplikasi android sama kaya play store, namun bedanya aplikasi WHAFF akan memberikan imbalan setelah anda mendownload aplikasi android dari WHAFF. Jadi tugas anda adalah hanya mendownload aplikasi-aplikasi android lewat WHAFF Rewards, imbalannya pun cukup lumayan dari 1 aplikasi yang di download anda bisa mendapatkan imbalan sampai $0.25-$0.50. Setelah earning anda mencapai $10.00 anda bisa mencairkannya via PayPal atau Google Play Gift Cards juga bisa.

Minimal Payout dari aplikasi WHAFF yaitu $10 via paypal dan bisa anda tarik setiap harinya jika sudah melampaui minimal payout. Untuk mendapatkan $5-10/hari dari aplikasi WHAFF di Android itu semua tergantung anda. Jika anda rutin menggunakan aplikasi ini tentunya untuk $5-$10/hari itu sangat mudah sekali.

NAH! Kebetulan ane lagi demen banget maen Dot Arena trus ane dapet kode WHAFF dari forum luar yang katanya bisa bikin kita dapet $15 lebih per hari (gak mesti Dot Arena, semua game di Android juga bisa kok). Jadi kalian bisa beli Diamond atau VIP/Monthly Card tanpa harus keluarin kocek dari dompet kalian sendiri.

BB96090 << kalo pake kode ini nanti unlock Premium Picks yang $7 sama $8.3

Ini cara yang aman, halal, dan legal kok, gampang banget lagi modalnya cuma HP Android aja.

Caranya:
1. install WHAFF, cari di Play Store ada kok.
2. habis install nanti kalian klik Login, login aja pake akun Facebook kalian.
3. terus kalian bakal disuruh masukin kode PREMIUM, masukin aja BB96090.

Normalnya kalian dapet $0.3, tapi kalo beruntung coba kode di atas bisa langsung dapet $2 lho.
Tanpa masukin kode diatas, kalian gak bisa lanjut ke tahap selanjutnya dan saldo kalian akan tetap $0 (SAYANG BANGET KAN?).

Setelah itu kalian jalanin Daily Premium Picks, kalian pilih yang install Airbnb yang dapet $7 sama Trello dapet $8.3, nah terus kalian buka aplikasinya minimal 4 menit per hari biar dapet lagi bonus $0.5, mantep kan?

Bonus $0.5 itu bisa kalian ulang sampe 3 kali sehari. jadi total sehari kalian bisa dapet $7 + $8.3 + $0.5 + $0.5 + $0.5 = $16.8
Sehari aja $16,8. Gimana kalo sebulan? Apalagi setahun?
Belum ditambah kalo kalian aktif install aplikasi lain di Premium Picks bisa dapet lebih banyak. selamat mencoba.

Kalo udah terkumpul kalian tinggal tuker sama Google Play Gift Cards.

Thursday, June 13, 2013

Computer

A computer is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and manipulates data//information, and provides output in a useful format.

While a computer can, in theory, be made out of almost anything (see misconceptions section), and mechanical examples of computers have existed through much of recorded human history, the first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). Originally, they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into mobile devices, and can be powered by a small battery. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.

Article Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer

Asus launches world's thinnest notebook

Asus finally launching a netbook product called the thinnest and lightest in the world. With a thickness of 17.6 millimeters and weighs 920 grams totaled, X101 series product is challenging thin laptops that are already on the market without sacrificing functionality.

This product has actually been exhibited in celebration of International Computer, Computex 2011, Taipei, Taiwan, a few months ago. The design is lightweight and slim netbook is meant to fit easily into a briefcase and can be carried easily anywhere.

This netbook allegedly deliberately made ​​for cloud computing to boost the ability to surf the internet. The proof lies in the use of Solid State Drives at 8 Gigabit without any harddisks.

The operating system used is MeeGo which basically has the functionality to work through the cloud computing as well as access to exclusive services such as Asus Vibe Asus, Asus AppStore, until online file storage facility that is Dropbox.

Specifications X101 is also not lost though initially targeted for netbook users and people who want to have a secondary computer. Processor which is embedded in this netbook is the Intel Atom, 1 Gb RAM, 2 USB 2.0 plugs, a micro SD slot, and a webcam. Innovations such as the Asus Super Hybrid Engine proud ensure the continued efficient performance of netbook so that it can save battery usage.

Gun Cabinets on Display

Some people collect guns because of their love for hunting, some because of their love for collecting in itself. Either way,the most rewarding part of the endeavor is to see the entirety of the collection displayed splendidly at home. With this, investing in a beautiful gun cabinet becomes important. In choosing the furniture, it is important to make sure that its function and aesthetic aspects are balanced and complement each other.

Most gun collectors put their display gun cabinets in the recreation room, the library,the living area,and the bedroom. While there is no customary rule on where to put the gun display, it will be nice to place the collection in the area of the house where it can stand out most. This is easy if you're a bachelor and living alone, but if you have a family it is advisable to put the cabinet in the most masculine area of the room-that is, the part of the house where you stay most of the time.

If you can afford it,turn an area of the house into a gun room. Placing the cabinets in a gun room makes the collection more secured. You can easily lock the chamber whenever you want to, not mentioning that it will free yourself from worrying that a member of the family may try to break open the gun cabinets and use the items.

In connection to security,as a gun owner you should be responsible enough to equip all the gun display cabinets with durable locking mechanisms. Sliding glass doors should particularly be locked with a metal barrier in order to secure storage without sacrificing the rewarding act of display. As you address concerns about gun protection and storage, don't forget the very idea of flaunting. Consult to interior design magazines and online websites to find out how to mix and match colors, design, material, and size of gun cabinets in relation to the motif of the house.

Article Source: http://www.articlecity.com/articles/hobbies/article_1835.shtml

3 Must Read Tips for Improved Horse Photography

Horse Photography Tip #1 - Choosing the right lens length DOES make a difference

Have you been having trouble with your images of horses? Does the horse's head look elongated and silly, and does his body look disproportional? It's possible you are using a lens that is too short.

If you photograph a horse while standing very close and with a short lens, say 28mm or 35 mm or even 50mm, you will get unpleasant results.

The short lens distorts the image. Horses' heads are already long and so are their bodies. If you want a humorous image, then by all means use your short lens close up. But if you want a quality conformation shot, I recommend going to a longer lens. The longer lenses compress the horse's body and head and make a more pleasing representation. I recommend using at least a 100 mm lens and preferably longer, like 200 mm. If you like the flexibility of zoom lenses, one of my favorite lenses for shooting domestic horses is the 70 - 200 zoom.

In summary, to improve your photos of horses, use a longer lens and step back.

Horse Photography Tip #2: Capture Details for a New Point of View!

When you think of equine photography, you may think of a standing horse, or maybe running, and that image could be of the entire horse. But if you want to try something new and different, concentrate on details. Details can be the close up of a horse's eye. Step back and zoom in, and observe what reflects in the eye - is it you or something else in the background? Are the eyelashes in focus? Did you capture the gleam of light in the horse's eye? That will really make your image pop. Tail braided for an exhibition in Spain

Zoom in on a braided mane or a tail, like the photo of this carriage horse from Spain, or zoom in on the feet as they travel. Think about tack and clothing, and get close for a shot of a cowgirl's boot and/or spurs.

Imagine the contour of a horse's body and try to show the details of the curves. Does the horse have spots or splashes of color on his body? How about focusing on an interesting shaped mark? There are no wrong choices, and part of improving your skills as a photographer is trying new things, and looking at your world and what you are photographing in a new way. Focusing on details can help keep your images fresh and exciting.

Horse Photography Tip #3: What time of Day is Best to Take Photos of Horses?

When you are photographing horses and other subjects, take into account the quality and quantity of light on your subject. We see because of light, and we can photograph because there is light. Taking advantage of the best light so that you can improve your photos is important.

Have you noticed that in the middle of the day, shadows are harsh and unflattering? On the other hand, in the early morning and the late afternoon, the light is softer, and just after sunrise and just before sunset is that time we call "magic light" when your subject will glow with the warm tones of the light.

I try to schedule all my shoots either in the early morning or late afternoon. Two hours before and after dawn are the ideal times. If you have trouble getting your subjects out of bed early in the morning, as I occasionally do, try for late afternoon.

If you have to shoot in the middle of the day, find some shade - a tree, the side of the barn, or if it is a cloudy day, the light is diffuse and you can shoot later.

I recommend experimenting with this, and taking photographs at different times of the day. See how the time of day and quality of the light changes your photos. If you pay attention to the light, I promise your photos will improve.

Article Source:
http://www.articlecity.com/articles/hobbies/article_1904.shtml

Custom Coins

Navy challenge coins tend to be substantive elements of historiography. utilized to amortize those which help their countries in the military and to honor people employing remarkable records of skills, the small tokens of admiration date back to early World War I where they were given to a modest class of soldiers.

Thanks to their versatility, http://www.challengecoinsplus.com/ have been conceived for eachposition of the service and have been implemented as ways in which to foster others to be their most effective. Holders of the coins challenge each other to conclude specialized

responsibilities. If the individual being confronted refuses to settle up to their side of the covenant by churning out their battle group coin, they are preferred to pay for the challenger a round of beverages. If everybody encumbered in the challenge produces their unit's coin, the challenger has to pay for cocktails for them. Coins that have been modified and imposed into keychains and belt buckles usually do not count. The challenge coin really should be in its traditional manner to be accepted as valid.

Challenge coins can easily be custom made employing a organization, church group, or organization's logo and preferred colors. Due to the weight and thickness of each coin, the supposed value of this variety of promotional product is phenomenal.

A number of items are on the market to help protect and showcase challenge coin collections. PVC envelopes, coin capsules, velvet bags, acrylic coin cases, velvet coin cases, and plastic coin stands assist men and women comprise multiple challenge coins and make them readily available to the consumer. No matter if depicted in a individual's residence or business office, one thing is sure. http://www.challengecoinsplus.com/ are authentic conversation starters.

Small business owners can lay the groundwork by talking about their position inside of a certain class or organization with future buyers. Sports teams can point out their skills when soliciting sponsorships or fundraising. Students with organization affiliations and schoolmastering attainments can employ challenge coins to corroborate an already extraordinary resume or portfolio. Keeping a few of high-quality photographs at hand of the challenge coins to give to future bosses or scholastic officials can guide the interview process.

Military http://www.challengecoinsplus.com/ are diverse and unique. Customized with a group, organization, university, or business logo, they speak volumes to those that they honor by being the type of collectible that really means something.

Folks from all round the world like to exhibit their challenge coins. Some even go as far as developing dogtags out of present coins. Wearing the challenge coin around their neck provides a sense of gam in their achievements and motivates others to remain motivated in the midst of their conditions. It does not make it eligible in the case of a challenge. Only those coins in their authentic form are eligible in that case.

Challenge coins have transformed into a part of history and a important collectible item by not just by men and women who've served and continue to serve our country, but private folks and collectors seeking a highly popuar and extremely collectible item that is respected by men and women throughout the globe.

Article Source:
http://www.articlecity.com/articles/hobbies/article_1902.shtml

Tips for a Healthy Pregnancy

Pregnancy is something that can make a mother feel happy. Keeping the baby in the womb to grow healthy and born alive is to be performed by a pregnant woman. The gestation period will determine the child's growth. Here we provide some tips on healthy during pregnancy.

Visit a Physician Regularly
During pregnancy, mothers can visit a physician/doctor regularly. Regularly check the baby in the womb is useful to know the condition and growth of the fetus. Likewise, if there is anything wrong in pregnancy should be immediately checked by a physician. Do this until the last month of pregnancy.

Important Eat Nutritious Foods
Begin to eat nutritious foods; it is important for pregnant women and fetal growth. Maternal diet usually eats small meals but often, about 5-6 times per day. It's better than eating large servings in 3 per day, a diet with smaller portions and more often to reduce nausea and vomiting in the morning, and stomach pain.

Folic Acid and Zinc
Healthy foods for pregnant mothers are foods that contain folic acid and zinc. Folic acid is useful for preventing neural tube defects in infants and spine. Foods that contain folic acid present in cereals, brown rice, oranges, green vegetables, beans, broccoli, and more. Zinc is useful to prevent anemia during pregnancy. Anemia is very dangerous for pregnant women, can cause bleeding during childbirth.

Avoid Cigarette Smoke
Cigarette and tobacco smoke are very harmful to the health of mother and fetus. Avoid cigarette smoke; try not to become passive smokers. If your husband is a smoker, warn not to smoke near you. And if you're also a smoker, stop smoking better. Cigarette smoke will make your baby born weighing less, easily hurt, slow growth; it can even cause miscarriage and death in the womb.

Drinking Adequate Water
Drinking adequate water is another important thing to note for pregnant women. Drinking lots of water is very useful for pregnant women, because the incoming fluid will help to increase the blood volume that occurs during pregnancy. Drink at least 6-8 glasses a day, can be fruit juice, milk, or water.

Taking Medications Safely
Be careful when taking some drugs. If you are attacked by a disease or pain, be careful taking drugs. You should immediately consult your physician before taking it. If you are pregnant and taking medication without rules would be harmful to the fetus in the womb.

Remain Active During Pregnancy
Pregnant women should remain active. Pregnant women can also do exercise such as walking. Taking a pregnancy exercise classes are also good, in addition to the benefits to the mother and fetus, the pregnant women in the class are able to share experiences and gain knowledge. In between activities, do not forget to rest

Vaccination During Pregnancy
Another important thing is vaccinated during pregnancy. Pregnant women should talk to their physicians to figure out which vaccines they might need and whether they should get them during pregnancy or wait until after their child is born. Hepatitis B, Influenza and Tetanus/Diphtheria are considered safe to give to women who might be at risk of infection.

Self-Confidence

Self-confidence is one aspect of personality that is very important in human life. Self confident people are confident about their own abilities and have realistic expectations, even when their expectations are not realized; they stayed positive and can take it.

Definition
Self-confidence is a mental or psychological condition of a person who gives a strong confidence in him to do or perform any act. People who do not believe in themselves have a negative self-concept, lack of confidence in his ability, because it is often kept to them. Self confidence is a mental or psychological condition, which individuals can evaluate the entirety of her strong belief in giving him the ability to take action in achieving various goals in life.
People who have good self-confidence, they have positive feelings toward themselves, have strong beliefs on him and had accurate knowledge of the capabilities. People who have good self-confidence are not the only person who feels capable of (but not really afford) but is a person who knows that he can be caused by experience and calculation that he did.
Synonyms:  aplomb, inner strength, positive self-image, self-assurance

Personality traits of people with low self-confidence
When this is linked to the practice of everyday life, people who have low self-confidence or have lost confidence, tend to feel / be as below:
• Do not have anything (desires, goals, targets) which fought energetically
• Do not have a decision to step decisive
• Easily frustrated or give up when faced with a problem or difficulty
• Less motivated to go forward, laziness or half and half
• Often fails to accomplish its tasks or responsibilities
• Awkward in dealing with people
• Can not demonstrate the ability to speak and the ability to listen to a convincing
• Often have unrealistic expectations
• Too perfectionist
• Too sensitive

Help: low self-confindence
Counselling,  life coaching, and hypnotherapy are common therapies used to help improve self-confidence.

How to Teach 1st Grade

Teaching 1st grade will be different by teaching high school students. Required certain techniques so that the child can absorb lessons more fun considering the psychological child is still in the early learning stages.
The voice sounded clear enough by children, intonation, etc. are things that are very important to be possessed by the teacher. For early elementary grades, they are still considered early childhood, before providing early childhood learning, as teachers need to recognize the characteristics of elementary school age children first. Do not forget to always give something new and varied for them. No need expensive, objects in the environment can be the object of exploration for children.
The period is also very short of their concentration. Thus, teachers must have a second plan, and even third, fourth plan needs to be prepared for them so they do not saturate. Keep in mind that early childhood is a period play. Thus, the instruction given to them should be based on the principles of play (fun, children can explore, gain a lot of experience).
Children are not miniature adults but they have the characteristics and uniqueness of each. So, do not equate them with the high school kids that are easier on the set and was able to concentrate for a long time.

Nurse-Physician Collaboration

To achieve effective service the nurses, physician and healthcare team should collaborate with each other. No one group can claim more power over others. Each profession has different character so that when combined can be a force for achieving the desired goals.

Nurse Physician Workplace Collaboration
With good communication and respect for other professions in shared decision-making (in collaboration) in the group it will create a good work team so committed to providing a comprehensive service can be created. Opinion between physician and nurses need to be a standard domain with (physician-nurse) standard.
There are significant differences in the collaboration between groups of patients with severe, moderate, and independent. Practice negotiating collaboration on many stages in patients partially dependent (being) because of the patient's full dependence (severe) physicians only give direction and decisions without consulting nurse.

Of the need for education and socialization practices of collaboration among work teams managed care health or health professions ranging from education situation. For hospitals need to improve the quality of nursing care health. An increase in nurse education and good communication between team and patient to work, and to improve the practice of collaboration needs to be a shared commitment between leaders (structural) and functional (health professions), where the principal can adopt managed care and socializing and can be applied to services.

Acyclovir Pharmacology and Indication

Acyclovir is acyclic purine nucleoside analogue active against herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster, Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus. In the cell, undergo phosphorylation acyclovir acyclovir triphosphate into an active form that inhibit the herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase and viral DNA replication, thereby preventing viral DNA synthesis without affecting normal cell processes.

Acyclovir Pharmacology
Acyclovir is an antiviral agent highly active in vitro against herpes simplex virus (HSV) types I and II, and varicella zoster virus. Upon entry into the infected cell, the phosphorylated form of the active compound Acyclovir Acyclovir trifosfate. The initial phase of the process depends on the enzyme thymidine kinase viral-coded. Acyclovir trifosfate act as inhibitors and as a false substrate for the herpes-specified DNA polymerase which prevents viral DNA synthesis without affecting normal cellular processes.

Treatment of herpes simplex virus infections of the skin and mucous membranes including initial and recurrent genital herpes / recurrent, herpes zoster (shingles / shingles / shingles). Preventing recurrence of herpes simplex infections in patients with strong immune systems. Preventing herpes simplex infection in patients with poor immune systems.

Another acyclovir pharmacology is a treatment of herpes simplex virus infections of the skin and mucous membranes including initial and recurrent genital herpes / recurrent, herpes zoster (shingles / shingles / shingles); preventing recurrence of herpes simplex infections in patients with strong immune systems; preventing herpes simplex infection in patients with poor immune systems.

Acyclovir Indication
Acyclovir indication such as treatment of herpes simplex virus on the skin and mucus membranes, including initial and recurrent genital herpes; treatment of herpes zoster and varicella infections; treatment of infections caused by the herpes simplex of the skin and mucous membranes including initial and recurrent genital herpes, herpes simplex infection prevention in immuno-compromised patients; treatment of herpes zoster infection.

Sunday, May 12, 2013

Tugas Ketiga Sebelum UTS



1.  The defendant refused to answer the prosecutor’x questions ___________
a. Because he was afraid it would incriminate him.
b. For fear that they will incriminate him.
c. Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him.
d. Fearing that he will be incriminated by it.

The answer is: A. Because he was afraid it would incriminate him.

2.   Mrs. Walker has returned ____________
a. A wallet back to its original owner.
b. To its original owner the wallet.
c. The wallet to its originally owner.
d. The wallet to its original owner.

The answer is: D. The wallet to its original owner.

3.   The Hospital owes ________ for the constuction of the new wing.
      a. The government twenty million dollars.
      b. For the government twenty million dollars.
      c. To the government twenty million dollars.
      d. Twenty million of dollars to the government.

      The answer is: C. To the government twenty million dollars.

4.   Sarah _________ that she could not attend classes next week.
      a. Told to her professors.
      b. Said her professors.
      c. Told her professors.
      d. is telling her professors.

      The answer is: A. Told to her professors.

5.   The artist was asked to show some paintings at the contest because ____________
      a. He painted very good.
      b. They believed he painted well.
      c. Of their belief that he was an good artist.
      d. The judges had been told of his talents.

      The answer is: B. They believed he painted well.

6.   If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and
                                       A         B                                  C
have to pay a fine.
           D

The answer is: D
The sentence should be: If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and paid.

7.   Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsals, did not show up last night because
                                                                A                                   B
      he had an accident on his way to the practice.
            C                                             D

      The answer is: C
      The sentence should be: Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsals, did not show up last night because he has an accident on his way to the practice.

8.   A short time before her operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreams of her daughter
              A                                             B                                        C
      who lives overseas.
                        D
     
The answer is: A
      The sentence should be: The time before her operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreams of her daughter who lives overseas.
     
9.   The atmosphere in Andalucia is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling to all who
                                         A                                                      B                                   C
have the good fortune to visit there.
              D

The answer is:  C
      The sentence should be: The atmosphere in Andalucia is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling to all that have the good fortune to visit there.

10. Some of the people were standing in the street watched the parade, while others were
                   A                             B                                 C                                     D
singing songs.

The answer is: A
      The sentence should be: Some people were standing in the street watched the parade, while others were singing songs.

I Think of U

by Lady Queen

I'm trying 2 let u know how i feel
this love has never felt so real
Ur on my mind all night long
and every time i hear these songs
I think of u

You show me how true love feels
u make me think if this is real
When u say those last three words
i feel so good
and baby, i think of u

You do anything 2 make me happy
and everything 2 make me feel good
but there's nothing u could do
2 make me stop thinking of u

You'll always be in my heart
me and you will never part,
When i lay down 2 sleep
i can still see the visions of u & me
Ur on my mind day n night
i hope you'll never leave my side
Ur love 2 me means the world

that's why i always think of u

Greatest Love

by Eddie Garcia
(Puisi Bahasa Inggris tentang 'Aku Cinta Kamu')

You bring me laughter when I'm down,
Always there to lift my frown...
You hold me tight when I'm cold,
You'll stand by me till I grow old...
Loving me like no other,
Gentle and sweet just like a mother...

Your love is pure forever true,
Inside my heart is a place for you...
The touch of your lips against my skin,
Softness so smooth brushing along my chin...
Words of compassion forever sweet,
How ever was I so lucky to have meet...

My dearest love I hold so dear,
For never do I have to fear...
Honest and truthful in loving me,
Always and forever it is she...
The woman I love and have given my heart,
To live this life and never depart...

A beauty I found upon thee eye,
Captured my heart and I chose to be by...
Her side through good times and
the bad,
To comfort and love her even when
she's sad...
She is my life she is my love,
She is the greatest gift from up
above...

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